NAZIM / MODERN WAR FIELD NOTES

War no longer fits
on one front.

Land, sea and air still matter. So do networks, data, machines, industry and the minds of those receiving a story. Each technology creates options and new limits.

Explore the layers
F-35 pilot preparing for take-off in Arizona in 2017
Staff Sgt. Jensen Stidham / U.S. Air Force · public domain ↗

01 / SIX LAYERS

What is visible is
only one part.

These are lines of inquiry, not finished reports. A photograph documents the exercise it depicts; it does not prove a theory about the future of war.

MQ-9 Reaper parked at sunset at Creech Air Force Base, Nevada, in 2025Senior Airman Victoria Nuzzi / U.S. Air Force · public domain ↗

01 / Uncrewed systems

Drones: see, persist, act

What changes when observation and attack can happen at a distance? Who decides, who verifies, and who bears an error?

OPEN QUESTION · FUTURE INVESTIGATION
Estonian defensive cyber operators during a multinational exercise in 2021Chief Petty Officer Jon Dasbach / U.S. Cyber Command · public domain ↗

02 / Networks and infrastructure

Cybersecurity: a connected rear

If communications, energy and logistics depend on networks, how do we distinguish a vulnerability from a demonstrated attack?

OPEN QUESTION · FUTURE INVESTIGATION
Marines testing an uncrewed ground vehicle in Hawaii in 2023Cpl. Malia Sparks / U.S. Marine Corps · public domain ↗

03 / Machines and people

Robotics: what do we delegate?

An uncrewed vehicle can widen options. Which tasks can it perform, where is human judgement needed, and who is accountable?

OPEN QUESTION · FUTURE INVESTIGATION

02 / BEYOND THE HARDWARE

The tool changes.
Responsibility remains.

04

AI and decisions

What can a model accelerate, and what can it not know? We examine both its utility and the traceability of a decision made under pressure.

05

Sabotage and attribution

A disruption does not identify its author. We ask what was damaged, what alternatives exist and what evidence supports an attribution.

06

Psychological and information warfare

Fear, propaganda and narratives compete for attention. What can be documented, and what effect is being assumed without measurement?

DEMONSTRATION READINGS

Questions to begin with

All analysis